Loss of cervical lordosis refers to the reduction or complete disappearance of the normal forward curvature of the cervical spine, which under physiological conditions contributes to the proper distribution of the weight of the head and the absorption of mechanical stresses during movement.
Straightening or, in more advanced cases, reversal of the normal curvature may be caused by muscle spasm as a protective response to pain, poor posture and prolonged use of electronic devices, degenerative changes of the intervertebral discs, as well as trauma, such as whiplash injury.
The absence of the normal cervical lordosis alters the biomechanical distribution of loads within the cervical spine, transferring greater stress to the posterior structures and intervertebral discs. This may accelerate degenerative processes and worsen pain.
Clinically, this condition is often associated with neck pain, stiffness, tension-type headaches, and, in some cases, pain radiating toward the shoulders. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by a simple lateral X-ray of the cervical spine.
Treatment focuses on postural correction, ergonomic modification of the working environment, targeted exercises for strengthening the cervical muscles, and stretching exercises, with the aim of restoring the normal curvature whenever possible and reducing the mechanical strain on the cervical spine.