Loss of lumbar lordosis refers to the reduction or complete disappearance of the normal forward curvature of the lumbar spine. Under physiological conditions, this curvature plays an important role in the proper distribution of body weight and the absorption of mechanical stresses during standing and walking.
Flattening of the lumbar lordosis may result from muscle spasm as a protective response to pain or inflammation, degenerative changes of the intervertebral discs, poor posture and a sedentary lifestyle, as well as conditions such as lumbar disc herniation or lumbar spondylosis. The absence of the normal lumbar curvature alters the biomechanical distribution of forces along the spine, increasing stress on the intervertebral discs and posterior spinal structures. This may contribute to worsening pain and acceleration of degenerative changes.
Clinically, patients commonly present with lower back pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion of the lumbar spine. Diagnosis is usually confirmed with a lateral standing X-ray of the lumbar spine, which allows assessment of the spinal curvature and alignment.
Treatment focuses on postural correction, targeted core strengthening and stretching exercises, as well as physiotherapy techniques aimed at restoring normal spinal mechanics, improving mobility, and reducing the mechanical stress placed on the lumbar spine.