Rigid flatfoot (rigid pes planovalgus)

Rigid flatfoot (rigid pes planovalgus) is a deformity of the foot in which the medial arch of the foot is reduced or collapsed and is accompanied by restricted mobility of the foot joints. It is characterized by a rigid position of the foot, altered gait mechanics, and possible development of pain or fatigue. It may be caused by congenital abnormalities, injuries, joint disorders, or developmental abnormalities. Diagnosis is made through clinical examination and, when necessary, imaging studies. Treatment may include specific exercises, orthotic devices, physiotherapy, or surgical intervention depending on the severity of the condition.