Degenerative spondyloarthropathy (spinal osteoarthritis)

Degenerative spondyloarthropathy (spinal osteoarthritis) is a chronic condition of the spine in which the joints between the vertebrae undergo gradual wear and degeneration. This leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, mainly in the lower back or neck. It may be accompanied by bone spurs (osteophytes) and spinal canal narrowing (stenosis). Causes include natural aging, previous injuries, poor posture, and joint overloading. Treatment usually includes physiotherapy, strengthening exercises, and pain relief medications, while surgery may be required in severe cases.