Acetylsalicylic acid, known as aspirin, is
a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation, as well as to prevent heart attacks and strokes. It works by irreversibly inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1/COX-2), reducing platelet aggregation. Common side effects include abdominal discomfort, nausea, and increased bleeding risks. It is contraindicated in cases of bleeding disorders, active ulcers, or known sensitivity.